which material should be used on a bicycle ramp to increase friction? a. shiny metal b. rough paper c. smooth wood d. wet plastic

The normal force (F⃗n) exerted by the horizontal table on the 3.5 kg book that sits at rest is equal to the weight (mg) of the book is 34.335 N.

The weight of the book is equal to 3.5 kg * 9.8 m/s2 = 34.3 N.
Therefore, the normal force (F⃗n) of the table on the book is equal to 34.3 N.
The normal force that a horizontal table exerts on a 3.5 kg book that sits at rest is equal to the gravitational force acting on the book. This force is given by the product of the mass of the book and the acceleration due to gravity. Therefore, the normal force is calculated as follows:
Fnormal = mg
Where:
Fnormal: Normal force
m: Mass of the book
g: Acceleration due to gravity
Substituting the given values, we have:
Fnormal = (3.5 kg)(9.81 m/s²)
Fnormal = 34.335 N
Therefore, the normal force exerted by the table on the book is 34.335 N.

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An electric motor is a device that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors create force in the form of torque imparted to the motor's shaft by interacting between the magnetic field of the motor and electric current in a wire winding.

Electric motors generate motion by transferring electrical energy to mechanical energy. The interaction of a magnetic field and winding alternating (AC) or direct (DC) current generates force within the motor.

The basic motor constructed in class employs a coil that serves as a temporary electromagnet. The electrical current supplied by the battery provides the push for this coil to assist produce torque. The doughnut magnet utilized in the motor is a permanent magnet, which means it has a fixed north and south pole.

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The person must pull downward with a force equal to her weight, which is approximately 760 N in order to raise herself slowly at a constant speed.

When the person pulls downward on the bucket, there are two forces acting on the system: the force of gravity pulling the person and the bucket down, and the force of the person pulling the bucket up. In order for the person to raise herself at a constant speed, the force she exerts on the bucket must be equal and opposite to the force of gravity pulling her down.

The force of gravity on the person and the bucket is equal to their combined weight, which can be calculated as mass times gravitational acceleration (77 kg x 9.81 m/s^2 = 755.37 N). Therefore, the person must exert a force equal to her weight (approximately 760 N) in order to counteract the force of gravity and raise herself at a constant speed.

Thus, to lift herself up slowly and steadily, the person needs to exert a downward force that is equivalent to her weight, which is around 760 Newtons.

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To complete the given sentences explaining why the transverse pulse traveling on a rope held by two people reflects in the opposite orientation each time it reaches a person order of the words used is third law, the same, oppose, increase.

When a transverse wave pulse reaches a fixed end of the rope, the displacement of the rope end exerts a force on the object that is keeping the end fixed (in this case, a person). By Newton's third law, the person must exert a force of the same magnitude in oppose direction; otherwise, the end of the rope would not remain stationary but would accelerate in the direction of the force due to the wave disturbance. Because this force acts to increase the force of the incoming wave pulse, it initiates an outgoing wave pulse that is inverted with respect to the incoming wave pulse.

When a transverse pulse traveling on a rope held by two people reaches one of the people, the pulse is reflected in the opposite orientation. This happens because of the interaction between the pulse and the person holding the rope.

By Newton's third law, the displacement of the rope end exerts a force on the person that is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. If the person did not exert an equal and opposite force, the end of the rope would not remain stationary but would instead accelerate in the direction of the force due to the wave disturbance.

The force exerted by the person opposes the force of the incoming wave pulse, initiating an outgoing wave pulse that is inverted with respect to the incoming wave pulse. This happens due to the conservation of energy and momentum, which are described by Newton's first and second laws. The outgoing pulse has a smaller amplitude than the incoming pulse because some energy is lost in the reflection process.

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Iron that is not magnetic will be drawn to a bar magnet. An atom is like a current loop, if it is not observed than it is a magnet.

A piece of iron, which has magnetic qualities, aligns into two poles when placed in the magnetic field of a bar magnet.

If the north pole reports the side in front of it, it is the north pole, and if the south pole reports the south pole, it is the south pole. A piece of iron, which has magnetic qualities, aligns into two poles when placed in the magnetic field of a bar magnet.

Charges that are in motion within an atom produce electricity. The atoms can act as an equivalent current loop thanks to their rotational orbits. Iron is nevertheless drawn to magnetic fields despite their being no current.

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If you turn on your car headlights during the day, the road ahead of you doesn't appear to get brighter.

This is because, during the day, the brightness from the sun overwhelms any additional light that would be provided by the headlights. When you turn on your headlights, they produce light that is visible, but during the day, the sun is brighter than the headlights, so the light from the headlights is not sufficient to make the road appear brighter. Besides, the headlights are designed to enhance vision in low-light conditions. As such, they aren't very useful during the day. Additionally, it's important to keep in mind that in some jurisdictions, driving with your headlights on during the day is illegal, so it's important to check your local laws before doing so.

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When the ball is in contact with the floor for 0.0300 seconds, the average force (in N) the floor exerts on the ball is 0 N. F = (Δp) / Δt

where Δp is the change in momentum of the ball and Δt is the time interval during which the change in momentum occurred.

Δp = mvf - mvi

where mvf is the final velocity of the ball and mvi is the initial velocity of the ball.

In this case, the ball is dropped from a certain height and comes to rest on the ground. This means that its initial velocity (mvi) is zero.

Hence:Δp = mvf - mvi

                 = mvf - 0

                 = mvf

The momentum is conserved in the vertical direction, which means that the final momentum (mvf) of the ball after bouncing is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to its initial momentum.

Hence: mvf = - mvi

                   = - m * v0

where m is the mass of the ball and v0 is its initial velocity (which is zero).

Substituting the above expression for mvf into the equation for the average force:

F = (- m * v0) / Δt

where Δt = 0.0300 seconds is the time interval during which the change in momentum occurred.

F = (- m * v0) / Δt

  = (- 0.250 kg * 0) / 0.0300 seconds

  = 0 N

Therefore, the average force (in N) the floor exerts on the ball is 0 N.

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The gravitational force between two objects is 300 N and the mass of one object is 20.0 kg, while the other object is 30 kg, we have to calculate the distance between the objects the distance is  3.67 m.

The formula for calculating gravitational force between two objects is given by F = G × m₁ × m₂ / r²

where, F = gravitational force between two objects, m₁ = mass of object 1, m₂ = mass of object 2, r = distance between the objects, G = gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg².

Now, we can use the above formula to calculate the distance between the objects. F = 300 N, m₁ = 20.0 kg, m₂ = 30 kg, G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹N·m²/kg². We have to find

r = ?, F = Gm₁m₂/ r²

r = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ × 20 × 30/ 300

r = 3.67m

Therefore, the distance between the objects is 3.67 meters.

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The correct option is C. Both a particle and a wave accurately describe what light is. This is known as the wave-particle duality of light

Wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic scale. It states that matter and energy can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior, depending on how they are observed or measured.

For example, light can be observed as both a wave and a particle, depending on the experiment. When it behaves as a wave, it exhibits characteristics such as diffraction, interference, and polarization. When it behaves as a particle, it exhibits characteristics such as energy and momentum. The wave-particle duality has significant implications for our understanding of the nature of reality and the fundamental laws of physics, and it has led to the development of many important technologies, such as lasers, transistors, and semiconductors.

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Complete Question: -

which choice accurately describes what light is? responses neither

A). a particle nor a wave neither

B). a particle nor a wave

C). both a particle and wave both a particle and a wave,

D). only a particle only a particle only a wave only a wave

If the moon enters its waxing crescent phase tonight, then you will see the First Quarter lunar phase in approximately two weeks.

What is the lunar phase?

The Moon is in a specific position during a lunar phase. During the lunar phase cycle, it passes through four primary phases: the new moon, the first quarter, the full moon, and the last quarter. In the new moon phase, the Moon is between the Sun and Earth, and the side of the Moon visible to us is dark.

In contrast, in the full moon phase, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun, and the side visible to us is entirely illuminated. The first quarter moon is half illuminated and half in shadow, with the illuminated portion appearing as a semi-circle.

The last quarter moon is also half illuminated and half in shadow, but the illuminated portion appears in the opposite direction from the first quarter moon. If the moon enters its waxing crescent phase tonight, you will see the first quarter lunar phase in approximately two weeks. This phase is also known as a half moon, and it occurs when the moon is one-quarter of the way through its orbit around the Earth.

During the first quarter, the illuminated portion of the moon increases each day, until it reaches the full moon phase.

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The correct option is B, a liquid needs a container when a solid does not Solids have definite shapes, and liquids fill their containers.

Solids are one of the three fundamental states of matter, along with liquids and gases. In a solid, the molecules are tightly packed together, and the substance maintains a fixed shape and volume. The particles in a solid are held together by strong intermolecular forces, which prevent them from moving freely.

Solids have many properties that distinguish them from other states of matter. For example, they are usually denser and more rigid than liquids and gases. Solids can also be classified into different types based on their internal structure, such as crystalline solids, which have a regular and repeating pattern of atoms, and amorphous solids, which lack a definite long-range structure.

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Complete Question: -

Which best describes why a liquid needs a container when a solid does not?

A. Solids fill their containers, and liquids have definite shapes.

B. Solids have definite shapes, and liquids fill their containers.

C. Solids particles do not expand to fill their containers, and liquid particles do.

D. Solids particles expand to fill their containers, and liquid particles do not.

The amount of work required to move the same object the same distance but in 10 years will be the same as before is 1 Joule.

It is known that Work = Force x Distance. So, if it takes 1 Joule of work to move an object a distance of 1 meter with a force of 1 Newton in 10 seconds, we can find the force applied on the object.

The formula for force is:

F = m x a, where m is mass and a is acceleration

F = ma1 N = 1 kg x a

Thus, a = 1 m/s².

Now, we have:

F = 1 N, a = 1 m/s² and d = 1 m.

Putting all values in the formula for work done, we have:

W = F x d

W = 1 N x 1 m

W = 1 J

Thus, the work done to move the object is 1 Joule.

Now, if the object moves the same distance but in 10 years, it would make no difference to the work done. This is because work is calculated using force and distance only, and time does not matter here. Therefore, we can expect the same amount of work required to move the object the same distance.

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The height h will stay the same when a new block of mass m is used and makes an elastic collision.

Thus, the correct answer is to stay the same.

An elastic collision is a type of collision in which the total kinetic energy of two or more bodies involved in the collision is conserved. In this collision, the colliding bodies return to their initial state before the collision. That is, the total momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.

As a result, the initial and final energies of the system remain the same, implying that the height of the rod will stay the same as before. So, the height h will stay the same.

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The region where most long period comets come from is called the Oort Cloud and it is estimated that it contains up to 2 trillion comets.

The region where most long period comets originate is known as the Oort Cloud. The Oort Cloud is a vast spherical region surrounding the Sun located roughly halfway between the orbits of Neptune and Proxima Centauri. It is estimated to contain up to two trillion icy objects, which are leftovers from the formation of the solar system. Long period comets, which take longer than 200 years to orbit the Sun, originate from the Oort Cloud and make their way towards the inner solar system. They are usually only visible when they come close enough to the Sun to be warmed and shed dust and gas, which form the visible tail of the comet. As they come closer to the Sun, the gravitational attraction of the planets often deflects their orbits and causes them to return to the Oort Cloud for millions of years before repeating the cycle.

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The headline "Enlightenment ideas of freedom, equality, and justice for all" represents the idea of the Enlightenment that human beings are rational, capable of determining right from wrong, and deserving of rights and freedoms, such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and equality before the law.

These ideas were a major factor in the shift away from absolute monarchies, and towards governments of the people, by the people, and for the people. The Enlightenment period also saw the development of democracy and of the rule of law, where the government is subject to a set of laws, rather than relying on the whims of the ruler. Enlightenment thinkers sought to empower the individual, giving people the freedom to think and act as they pleased, rather than relying on the decisions of rulers.

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The amount of heat that left the system is 11.7 joules (given as a positive number).

When a piston is compressed fully with gas and 8.4 joules of work is done on it, and the internal energy (u) of the system is increased by 3.3 joules, we need to determine the amount of heat that left the system.

To determine the amount of heat that left the system, we need to use the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy (u) of a system is the sum of the heat (q) added to it and the work (w) done on it, which can be represented as:

u = q + w

Where, u = Change in internal energy of the system

q = Heat added to the system

w = Work done on the system

From the given information, w = -8.4 J (since work was done on the system), and u = 3.3 J.

Therefore, substituting these values in the above equation, we get:

3.3 J = q + (-8.4 J)3.3 J + 8.4 J

q = 11.7 J

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The option that is not an economical operation of a vehicle is starting the car quickly. Starting the car quickly will reduce fuel economy, as the engine has to work harder to accelerate the car quickly.

Obeying the speed limit is the most economical way to operate a vehicle, as driving at higher speeds requires more fuel. Checking for maintenance regularly is important for the overall efficiency of a vehicle, as preventive maintenance and timely repairs can keep a vehicle running optimally. Applying the brakes smoothly and obeying the speed limit are both considered economical operations of a vehicle because they can help save fuel and reduce wear and tear on the vehicle, resulting in long-term cost savings.

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The resistance of the copper wire of length 4 m and diameter 0.002 m is 2.25×10⁻² ohms.

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit.

To calculate the reistance of the copper wire, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, the resistance of the copper wire is 2.25×10⁻² ohms.

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To find the speed of the planet in a perfectly circular orbit around the star, we can use the equation v = sqrt(Gm2 / r). Plugging in the given values, we get v = 1843.3 m/s. Therefore, the planet must have a speed of approximately 1843.3 m/s.

The television commercial loudness increases by 10 decibels.

The decibel (dB) scale is a logarithmic measure of sound intensity. The intensity of a sound is measured in watts per square meter and the decibel scale is a way to express the relative loudness of a sound, compared to a reference level.

A 10 dB increase in intensity is a 10-fold increase in sound power. This means that a sound with an intensity of 10 watts per square meter is 10 times louder than a sound with an intensity of 1 watt per square meter.

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The magnetic field at the center of each turn of the toroid is 1.5 x 10^-5 T.

To find the magnetic field at the center of each turn of the toroid, we need to use the formula for the magnetic field inside a toroid,

B = (μ * n * I) / (2πr)

where, B is the magnetic field, μ is the permeability of free space, n is the number of turns per unit length, which is 21 turns/cm,

I is the current, which is 15 A

r is the radius of the toroid.

Circumference of the toroid,

C = 2πr = (number of turns per unit length) * length of solenoid

The length of the solenoid is not given, so let's assume it is 1 meter. Then, the circumference of the toroid is,

C = (21 turns/cm) * (100 cm/m) * (1 m) = 2100 turns

So, the radius of the toroid is,

r = C / (2π) = 2100 turns / (2π) = 1050 / π turns

The magnetic field at the center of each turn of the toroid,

B = (4π x 10^-7 T·m/A) * (21 turns/cm) * (15 A) / (2π * 1050/π turns)

B = 1.5 x 10^-5 T

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When one speaker is driven at 569 Hz and the other at 559 Hz, the beat frequency is 10 Hz and the average beat frequency is 564 Hz.

The beat frequency is equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

Beat frequency = [tex]569 Hz - 559 Hz = 10 Hz[/tex]

So the beat frequency is 10 Hz.

The average frequency is equal to the sum of the two frequencies divided by two.

The average frequency is calculated as follows

Average frequency = [tex](569 Hz + 559 Hz) / 2 = 564 Hz[/tex]

So the average frequency is 564 Hz.

Therefore, the beat frequency is 10 Hz while the average frequency is 564 Hz when one speaker is driven at 569 Hz and the other at 559 Hz.

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A net force of 89.0 n propels a 4.00-kg model rocket. after being launched from the rest,  the rocket will be traveling at: a velocity of 44.5 m/s.

The net force of 89.0 N propels a 4.00-kg model rocket. After being launched from rest, the rocket will have an acceleration of 89.0 N/4.00-kg = 22.25 m/s².

After 2.00 seconds, the rocket's velocity will be 2.00s x 22.25m/s² = 44.5 m/s. Therefore, after 2.00 s, the rocket will be traveling at a velocity of 44.5 m/s.

To calculate this, we first need to know the net force of the rocket. This is equal to the thrust of the rocket (F = ma) multiplied by the mass of the rocket (m = 4.00 kg). We can then use this net force to calculate the acceleration of the rocket, which is equal to  

F/m = 89.0 N/4.00 kg = 22.25 m/s².

Now that we know the acceleration of the rocket, we can use this to calculate the velocity of the rocket after 2.00 s. To do this, we multiply the acceleration by the time, which in this case is 2.00 s. This gives us an initial velocity of 2.00s x 22.25m/s² = 44.5m/s.  

This means that after 2.00 s, the rocket will be traveling at a velocity of 44.5 m/s.

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The frequency of a wave with a wavelength of 635 nm is approximately 4.72 x 10¹⁴ Hz.

The frequency of a wave is related to its wavelength by the formula:

v = fλ

where v is the speed of the wave (which for electromagnetic waves in vacuum is approximately equal to the speed of light, c),

f is the frequency, and

λ is the wavelength.

Rearranging this formula, we get:

f = v/λ

Substituting the values for the speed of light in vacuum (c = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s) and the given wavelength

(λ = 635 nm = 635 x 10^⁻⁹ m), we get:

f = (3.00 x 10⁸ m/s) / (635 x 10⁻¹⁹ m) = 4.72 x 10¹⁴ Hz

Therefore, the frequency of a wave with a wavelength of 635 nm is approximately 4.72 x 10¹⁴ Hz.

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The given statement " A series circuit is a current divider and a parallel circuit is a voltage divider circuit " is True

In a series circuit, the electric current is the same through each component, and the total current is equal to the sum of the currents through each component. Therefore, the current is divided among the components.

In a parallel circuit, the potential voltage across each component is the same, and the total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages across each component. Therefore, the voltage is divided among the components.

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In a uniform circular motion, the speed, the magnitude of the net force, centripetal acceleration, and instantaneous velocity are all constant.

The motion of an object traveling along a circular path with a constant speed is known as uniform circular motion.

Speed: The speed of an object in uniform circular motion remains constant as the object moves in a circular path.

The magnitude of Net Force: In a uniform circular motion, an object is experiencing a net force towards the center of the circle. This net force is usually referred to as the centripetal force. The magnitude of the centripetal force is always constant in a uniform circular motion.

Centripetal Acceleration: Centripetal acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object in uniform circular motion. This acceleration is always constant, and can be calculated using the equation a = v²/r, where v is the speed of the object and r is the radius of the circle.

Instantaneous Velocity: Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific point in time. Since an object in uniform circular motion moves at a constant speed, the instantaneous velocity is also constant.

Therefore, in a uniform circular motion, all the given quantities are constant.

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The acceleration on a body that approaches the Earth and comes within 6 Earth radii of the Earth's surface is known as the "gravitational acceleration."

This is caused by the gravitational pull of the Earth, which increases as the body approaches the Earth's surface. The acceleration is given by the equation a = GM/r², where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth, and r is the distance from the center of the Earth. For a body that comes within 6 Earth radii of the Earth's surface, the acceleration would be equal to GM/36, where G is the gravitational constant and M is the mass of the Earth. This acceleration can be used to calculate the velocity of the body and its trajectory around the Earth.

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Each player must pull with a force of 1250 N to drag the coach at a steady 2.0 m/s.

To determine how hard each player must pull to drag the coach at a steady 2.0 m/s, we need to use Newton's second law, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration:

Fnet = m * a

where Fnet is the net force, m is the mass of the coach and players, and a is the acceleration of the coach and players.

Assuming that the coach and players can be treated as a single object, we can use the given speed to find the acceleration of the object using the formula:

a = v² / (2 * d)

where v is the speed (2.0 m/s) and d is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the coach and the ground.

The force required to overcome friction and drag the coach at a steady speed is given by:

Ffriction = friction coefficient * Fnormal

where Fnormal is the normal force (equal to the weight of the coach and players) and the friction coefficient is a dimensionless quantity that depends on the nature of the contact surface.

Assuming a friction coefficient of 0.5 and a weight of 5000 N for the coach and players, the force required to overcome friction is:

F_friction = (0.5) * (5000 N) = 2500 N

The net force required to move the coach and players at a steady 2.0 m/s is therefore:

Fnet = Ffriction = 2500 N

Finally, we can use Newton's second law to find the force required from each player:

Fnet = m * a

2500 N = (m_coach + m_players) * (v² / (2 * d))

Solving for the mass (m_coach + m_players), we get:

m_coach + m_players = (2500 N * 2 * d) / v²

Assuming a value of 0.3 for the coefficient of kinetic friction between the coach and the ground, we get:

m_coach + m_players = (2500 N * 2 * 0.3) / (2.0 m/s)² = 562.5 kg

Therefore, the force required from each player is:

Fplayer = Fnet / 2 = 1250 N

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The minimum side-to-side velocity is at the top and bottom points, while the maximum side-to-side speed is at the left and right points of the circular path.

The cylinder moves at a constant velocity around the circular path, but its side-to-side motion does not appear to have a constant velocity due to the circular motion.

1. The minimum side-to-side velocity occurs when the cylinder is at the top and bottom points of the circular path. At these points, the cylinder's motion is primarily vertical, causing the side-to-side motion to appear slower.

2. The maximum side-to-side speed occurs when the cylinder is at the left and right points of the circular path. At these points, the cylinder's motion is primarily horizontal, causing the side-to-side motion to appear faster.

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