C. In the troposphere where it impairs normal lung function.
steam is to be extracted at a point between the high and low pressure turbines at a pressure that are to determine. the extracted steam will be isobarically heat-exchanged to supply the process hot water and exit the heat exchanger as saturated liquid. this liquid is then throttled to the condenser pressure and mixed with the fluid exiting the lowpressure turbine. the fuel will be natural gas which has a higher heating value (hhv) of 23,860 btu/lbm and an availability of 21930 btu/lbm. the boiler efficiency based on the hhv is 0.85. heat losses from the turbines, pump and lines are assumed negligible and the generator efficiency may be assumed to be 0.90. neglect pressure drops in the piping and heat exchangers.
Steam, Heat Exchange, Natural Gas, Throttle The steam is extracted between the high and low pressure turbines at a pressure to be determined, which is then isobarically heat exchanged with the process hot water, exiting the heat exchanger as a saturated liquid. This liquid is then throttled to the condenser pressure and mixed with the fluid exiting the low-pressure turbine.
To calculate the power output of the system, the energy and mass balances for the process must be established. These balances can be used to calculate the mass flow rate of the natural gas, the mass flow rate of the steam, the heat input and the power output. In addition, the properties of the natural gas can be used to calculate the enthalpy of the inlet gas, the enthalpy of the steam, and the enthalpy of the inlet air.
The energy balance equation states that the total energy entering the system is equal to the total energy leaving the system. The mass balance equation states that the total mass entering the system is equal to the total mass leaving the system. From these two equations, the enthalpy of the steam and the mass flow rate of the natural gas can be calculated.
The heat input to the system is equal to the total enthalpy of the steam plus the enthalpy of the natural gas. The power output of the system is equal to the heat input multiplied by the efficiency of the generator. This can be used to calculate the power output of the system.
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a cylindrical steel bar is stretched a distance mm by a force of f in n. the beam was originally d mm in diameter, m long, and has a young's modulus of y n/m2. what is d in terms of the other variables?
The change in length of the cylindrical steel bar is given by: ΔL = F * L0 / (Y * π/4 * D^2)
From Hooke's law, we know that stress is proportional to strain, with the constant of proportionality being the Young's modulus (Y):
σ = Y * ε
Substituting for σ and ε, we get:
Y * ΔL / L0 = F / (π/4 * D^2)
Solving for ΔL, we get:
ΔL = F * L0 / (Y * π/4 * D^2)
Young's modulus is widely used in engineering and physics to design and analyze structures and materials. It is defined as the ratio of the stress applied to a material to the strain that results from that stress. Mathematically, Young's modulus can be expressed as E = σ/ε, where E is the Young's modulus, σ is the stress applied to the material, and ε is the resulting strain.
Young's modulus is a fundamental property of materials and can be used to predict how they will behave under different conditions. For example, materials with a high Young's modulus are stiffer and less elastic, while those with a low Young's modulus are more flexible and elastic.
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Complete Question: -
A cylindrical steel bar is stretched a distance ΔL mm by a force of F in N. The beam was originally D mm in diameter, L0m long, and has a Young's modulus of Y N/m^2. What is ΔL in terms of the other variables? Note: You may use the equation editor (Insert>Equation) to answer this question, but it is not required. However, if you choose to write your variable answer in plain text, be very careful about your parentheses!
what will you use to find the mg of starch for the first time course, ph, and temperature experiments? [4 pts]
To find the mg of starch for the first time course, ph, and temperature experiments, you will use the iodine-starch complex formation reaction
The iodine-starch complex formation reaction is a quantitative measure of the starch concentration in the sample. The blue-black color produced is proportional to the starch concentration in the sample. If the concentration of the sample is high, the reaction will be intense, and the color will be dark blue-black. The reaction will be less pronounced if the concentration of the sample is low, and the color will be pale blue-black. When performing a starch assay, this color intensity is compared to that of a standard starch solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of starch in the sample.
The following steps must be followed to perform this analysis, 1. Dissolve the 1 mg of starch sample in 1 mL of distilled water, and adjust the pH to 7.0.2. Add 1 mL of the iodine solution (0.002 M iodine and 0.04 M KI), followed by the addition of 5 mL of 1 N hydrochloric acid. 3. Dilute the solution to 25 mL with distilled water, and mix well. 4. Measure the absorbance of the solution at 620 nm against a distilled water blank. The starch concentration in the sample can be calculated by comparing the absorbance of the sample with that of a standard solution of known concentration.
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what is the relationship between weight and best range airspeed (vbr) and best endurance airspeed (vbe)?
The relationship between weight and best range airspeed (VBR) and best endurance airspeed (VBE) is that both VBR and VBE increase with an increase in weight.
What is best range airspeed (VBR)? Best range airspeed (VBR) refers to the airspeed at which an aircraft can cover the maximum possible distance with minimum fuel consumption. At this airspeed, the lift-to-drag ratio is the highest.
What is best endurance airspeed (VBE)? Best endurance airspeed (VBE) refers to the airspeed at which an aircraft can remain in the air for the longest possible time with minimum fuel consumption. At this airspeed, the lift-to-drag ratio is the highest.
Relationship between weight and VBR and VBE is that both VBR and VBE increase with an increase in weight.
An increase in weight means an increase in the required lift to keep the aircraft in the air. As a result, the airspeed at which the lift-to-drag ratio is the highest increases.
This is why both VBR and VBE increase with an increase in weight.
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a stationary probe is placed in a fluid flow and measures pressure and temperature as functions of time at one location in the flow. is this a lagrangian or an eulerian measurement? explain.
A stationary probe placed in a fluid flow that measures pressure and temperature at one location in the flow is an Eulerian measurement.
An Eulerian measurement is a measurement made at a fixed point in space and time. The probe records the changes in pressure and temperature that occur over time as the fluid flows past the fixed point.
This type of measurement is useful for understanding the behavior of the fluid at a particular location, but it does not provide information about the individual fluid particles.
On the other hand, a Lagrangian measurement is a measurement that follows the movement of an individual fluid particle over time.
This type of measurement is useful for understanding the path that a particular fluid particle takes through the fluid.
Overall, the use of Eulerian and Lagrangian measurements depends on the type of information required about the fluid flow.
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The large positive charge inside the shell causes equal in magnitude charges distributed on the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical shell. which of the following figures best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer walls of the shell? (figure 1) view available hint(s)for part a the large positive charge inside the shell causes equal in magnitude charges distributed on the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical shell. which of the following figures best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer walls of the shell? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
Figure 1 best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer walls of the spherical shell.
This is because the large positive charge inside the shell causes the equal and opposite charges to be distributed on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. The charges will be evenly distributed on both the inner and outer walls, which is what is depicted in figure 1.
The other figures show irregular and/or unequal distributions of charges on the inner and outer walls of the shell, which would not be the case if the large positive charge was evenly distributed over the inner and outer walls. Therefore, figure 1 best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer walls of the shell.
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in 1959, the water stored behind hegben lake dam in montana began to slosh violently back and forth in a series of oscillating waves. these seiches were caused by
The Seiches at Hegben Lake Dam in Montana in 1959 were caused by a phenomenon known as resonance. Resonance is when energy is transferred through a system, resulting in a large oscillation. In this case, the system was the water in the lake.
The energy was the wave created by a passing cold front. The cold front created a wave that was transferred through the lake, causing a resonance—the seiches. This is similar to pushing a child on a swing, where the energy is transferred back and forth between the swing and the pushing force.
The waves created by the cold front oscillated back and forth within the lake, creating a series of seiches. The seiches caused the water to slosh violently back and forth, resulting in an unusual sight. The seiches eventually dissipated, but they were an interesting example of the power of resonance.
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if the speed of the suitcase is zero at the bottom of the ramp, what is its speed after it has traveled 3.80 m m along the ramp?
The final speed of the suitcase after it has traveled 3.80 m distance along the ramp by using Newton's equation of motion, is 8.88 m/s.
The problem states that the speed of the suitcase is zero at the bottom of the ramp. It means that the initial speed u=0. Now, the suitcase has traveled 3.80 m along the ramp.
Let's calculate its final speed using the formula of Newton's equation of motion.
The formula for the final speed of the suitcase after traveling 3.80 m along the ramp is:
From Newton's equation of motion
v² = u² + 2as
Where, v = final velocity
u = initial velocity
a = acceleration of the suitcase on the ramp, which is equal to the gravitational acceleration, g = 9.81 m/s²
s = distance traveled by the suitcase along the ramp
Putting the given values:
v² = 0² + 2 (9.81 m/s²) (3.80 m)
After solving the above equation, we get:
v = 8.88 m/s
Therefore, the final speed of the suitcase after it has traveled 3.80 m along the ramp is 8.88 m/s.
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a value of mass is given as 14.6 g to 15.2 g. a value of volume is given as 2.4 to 2.8 m3. state the density using reasonable outer limits.
The density using reasonable outer limits is the density of an object can be determined by dividing its mass (measured in grams, g) by its volume (measured in cubic metres, m3). To calculate the density using the given values of mass and volume, we can use the following formula: Density = Mass/Volume.
Therefore, the density of the given object can be calculated using the outer limits of mass and volume, which are 14.6 g to 15.2 g and 2.4 m3 to 2.8 m3, respectively. The calculated density of the given object is in the range of 5.75 g/m3 to 5.45 g/m3.
To calculate the density, the mass and volume of the object must be known. Mass is a measure of how much matter an object has, and is calculated in grams (g). Volume, on the other hand, is a measure of the amount of space an object takes up, and is calculated in cubic metres (m3).
When these two values are known, the density can be calculated using the formula: Density = Mass/Volume. In this case, the given values of mass and volume are 14.6 g to 15.2 g and 2.4 m3 to 2.8 m3, respectively. By substituting these values into the formula, the density of the object can be calculated as follows:
Density = Mass/Volume
Density = 14.6 g/2.4 m3 = 5.75 g/m3
Density = 15.2 g/2.8 m3 = 5.45 g/m3
Therefore, the density of the given object is in the range of 5.75 g/m3 to 5.45 g/m3.
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what two forces act on a monkey hanging stationary by a vertical vine? which force, if either, is greater?
Two forces act on a monkey hanging stationary by a vertical vine: gravity and the tension of the vine. Gravity is the greater force in this situation because it is a constant force that acts downwards.
The two forces that act on a monkey hanging stationary by a vertical vine are tension and gravity. The tension force acts along the vine and pulls the monkey upwards, while the gravity force acts downwards towards the center of the Earth.
If the monkey is stationary, then the two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. This is because the tension force is balancing the gravity force, resulting in no net force acting on the monkey.
Therefore, if neither of the forces are greater than the other as they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.What is tension force?The force exerted by a string, rope, chain, or similar object on another object that it is connected to is referred to as tension. The tension is always directed along the length of the string and away from the object's surface that the string is attached to. When an object is suspended from a rope, the tension force on the rope is equal to the weight of the object (due to gravity), and this tension force is transmitted through the rope to any other objects that the rope is attached to.
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a 4n soccer ball sits motionless on a field. a player's foot exerts a force of 5n on the ball for a distance of 0.1 m, and the ball rolls a distance of 10m. how much kinetic energy does the ball gain from the player?
The kinetic energy the ball gain from the player is 0.5 Joules if the player's foot exerts a force of 5n on the ball for a distance of 0.1 m.
The given data is as follows:
Force = 5N
Distance = 0.1 m
The ball rolls a distance = 10 m
The problem is calculated by using the kinetic energy which states that the work done on any object which is at rest or in motion is equal to the change in its kinetic energy of the body.
W = ΔK
W = Fd cos(θ)
W = (5 N)(0.1 m) cos(0°)
W = 0.5 J
Therefore we can conclude that the kinetic energy the ball gain from the player is 0.5 Joules.
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Which reaction illustrates conservation of mass?
A.
2 Cu + O2 → 2 CuO
B.
Fe + H2O → Fe3O4 + H2
C.
CH4 + Br2 → CBr4 + HBr
Answer:
A. 2 Cu + O2 → 2 CuO illustrates conservation of mass, as the total mass of the reactants (copper and oxygen) equals the total mass of the products (copper oxide). This is because in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products.
A, B, and C all illustrate conservation of mass because the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the chemical equation, which means that the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Therefore, the correct answer is all of the above.
a toy monkey hangs from a hook a certain height above the ground. you fire a projectile at the same instant that the monkey drops and starts falling to the ground. in order to hit the monkey with the projectile, you need to
In order to hit the monkey with the projectile, you need to Aim higher than the monkey's original position.
Projectile motion is the kind of motion in which an object or body is propelled in the air at an angle to the horizontal plane. The motion is caused by gravity and can be seen in many real-world situations. The path of the projectile is referred to as its trajectory.
The given problem is based on projectile motion. A toy monkey hangs from a hook a certain height above the ground. You fire a projectile at the same instant that the monkey drops and starts falling to the ground. In order to hit the monkey with the projectile, you need to aim higher than the monkey's original position. This is because, as the projectile moves toward the ground, it will fall under the influence of gravity. Hence, the projectile needs to be aimed at a higher point than the monkey's initial position.
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tarzan grabs a vine hanging vertically from a tall tree when he is unning horizontally at 9.0m/s. how high can he swing upward
Tarzan grabs a vine hanging vertically from a tall tree when he is running horizontally at 9.0m/s. 4.12 m high Tarzan can swing upward.
This question can be solved using the principle of conservation of energy.
Conservation of energy principle:
The conservation of energy principle states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant. That is, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another. Therefore, the initial total energy of the system is equal to the final total energy of the system.
Initially, Tarzan has kinetic energy. When he grabs the vine, some of his kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy. When he reaches the highest point of his swing, all his kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy. At this point, he has zero kinetic energy and maximum potential energy.
When he is at his maximum height, he is in equilibrium. Therefore, his velocity is zero. The gravitational potential energy of Tarzan is given as follows:
G.P.E = mgh
Where m = 75 kg (approximate mass of Tarzan)
g = 9.8 m/s² (acceleration due to gravity)
h = maximum heightWe know that the velocity of Tarzan is horizontal.
Therefore, it is perpendicular to the gravitational force acting on him. The component of velocity perpendicular to the gravitational force is zero. Therefore, only the horizontal velocity of Tarzan is considered.
Considering the conservation of energy principle, the initial total energy is equal to the final total energy.
Energy before = Energy after
Initial Kinetic Energy + Initial Gravitational
Potential Energy = Final Kinetic Energy + Final Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy before = Energy after = ½ mv² + mgh = 0 + mgh½ mv² = mghV = √(2gh)
Where V is the velocity of Tarzan when he reaches the maximum height.
Since the velocity of Tarzan is given as 9.0 m/s, we can say that:
9.0 m/s = √(2gh)
9.0² = 2gh
81 = 2gh
h = 81 / (2g)
h = 81 / (2 × 9.8)m
h ≈ 4.12m
Thus, Tarzan can swing upward up to approximately 4.12 m.
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A 65-kilogram student travels down a staircase that is 12 meters high. What is the
gravitational potential energy of the student after traveling 5.0 meters?
Answer:
3900 m/J
Explanation:
gravitional potential energy = mass x gravitentional field x hieght
U = mgh
U = 65 x 5.0 x 12 = 3900
U = 3900 m/J
Two aircraft are flying toward each other at the same speed. They each emit a 800 HZ whine. what speed (km/hr) must each aircraft have an order that pitch they both hear is 2 times the emitted frequency. Hint: the speed of sound is 343m/s
Each aircraft must be moving at a speed of 85.75 km/hr towards each other to hear a pitch that is 2 times the emitted frequency.
What is frequency ?
Frequency is a physical quantity that describes the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. It is often measured in Hertz (Hz), which represents the number of cycles or vibrations per second.
In the context of waves, such as sound waves or electromagnetic waves, frequency refers to the number of complete cycles of the wave that occur in one second. A high frequency wave has more cycles per second than a low frequency wave.
Frequency is also an important concept in physics, particularly in the study of oscillations and waves. It is used to describe the behavior of systems that oscillate or vibrate, such as a simple pendulum or a guitar string. In these cases, the frequency of the oscillation is related to the natural frequency of the system, which is determined by its mass, stiffness, and other properties.
When two aircraft are moving towards each other, the sound waves from each aircraft are compressed, leading to a higher pitch than the emitted frequency. The pitch heard by the pilots of the aircraft can be calculated using the following formula:
Pitch heard = Emitted frequency * (Speed of sound + Speed of observer) / (Speed of sound - Speed of source)
Since the two aircraft are flying towards each other at the same speed, we can assume that the speed of one aircraft is x km/hr, and the speed of the other aircraft is also x km/hr. Therefore, the relative speed between the two aircraft is 2x km/hr.
Substituting the values given in the formula, we get:
2 * Emitted frequency = Emitted frequency * (343 + 2x) / (343 - x)
Simplifying this equation, we get:
686 - 2x = 343 + 2x
4x = 343
x = 85.75 km/hr
Therefore, each aircraft must be moving at a speed of 85.75 km/hr towards each other to hear a pitch that is 2 times the emitted frequency.
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a 110-v hair dryer is rated at 1200 w. what current will it draw? select one: a. 12 a b. 0.090 a c. 11 a d. 5.0 a e. 1.0 a
A 110-v hair dryer is rated at 1200 w. it will draw a current of C. 11 A
The current drawn by a 110-V hair dryer is determined by Ohm's Law.
Ohm's Law states that I = V/R, where I is the current, V is the voltage, and R is the resistance. In this case, the voltage is 110 V and the resistance is 1200 W
So I = 110/1200 = 0.09 A.
Since the current is measured in amperes (A), the current drawn by the hair dryer is 0.09 A, or 11 A.
Therefore, the current drawn from a 110-v hair dryer that is rated at 1200 w. is 11 A
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grandma dynamite accelerates her bus from a stop to 90 m/s in just 12 seconds. what is her acceleration?
Grandma dynamite's bus has an acceleration of 7.5 m/s².
acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
where the final velocity is 90 m/s, the initial velocity is 0 m/s (since the bus starts from a stop), and the time taken is 12 seconds.
acceleration = (90 m/s - 0 m/s) / 12 s
acceleration = 7.5 m/s²
Acceleration is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the rate of change of an object's velocity over time. It is defined as the change in velocity divided by the change in time, and is expressed in units of meters per second squared (m/s²).
Acceleration can occur in different ways, such as speeding up or slowing down, changing direction, or a combination of both. A positive acceleration means an object is speeding up, while a negative acceleration means it is slowing down. Acceleration also depends on the mass of the object, with a larger mass requiring a greater force to achieve the same acceleration as a smaller mass.
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a television picture tube accelerates electrons through a potential difference of 30,000 v. find the minimum wavelength
A television picture tube accelerates electrons through a potential difference of 30,000 V. The minimum wavelength is 4.4 × 10^-11 m.
A potential difference is a difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit charge. In other words, it is the energy per unit charge that is required to move a charge from one point to another in an electric field.
The formula for minimum wavelength is given as λmin = hc/ eV
where h = Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10^-34 J.s = 4.14 × 10^-15 eVs,
c = speed of light = 3 × 10^8 m/s,
e = charge of an electron = 1.6 × 10^-19 C,
V = potential difference = 30,000 V.
Putting the given values in the equation, we get:
λmin = hc/ eV= (6.626 × 10^-34 J.s) × (3 × 10^8 m/s)/ (1.6 × 10^-19 C × 30,000 V)= 4.4 × 10^-11 m
Therefore, the minimum wavelength is 4.4 × 10^-11 m.
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a ball rolling down a hill accelerates from 40 m/sec to 60 m/sec in 3 seconds. what is the ball's acceleration?
The ball's acceleration is 6.67 ms².
From the question, we are given information that:
Initial velocity (u) = 40 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 60 m/sTime (t) = 3 secondsAcceleration of the ball is to be calculated.
The formula used for the calculation of acceleration is as follows:
Acceleration (a) = (v-u) / t
a is acceleration, v is final velocity, u is initial velocity, t is time
Substitute the given values in the above formula
Acceleration (a) = (60 - 40) / 3
Acceleration (a) = 20 / 3
Acceleration (a) = 6.67 m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration of the ball is 6.67 m/s².
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g which of the following wavelengths of light is most likely to cause a sunburn? explain your answer. a. 700 nm b. 400 nm c. 200 nm
Answer:
(b) 400 nm is the far ultraviolet (violet) in the visible spectrum
The shorter wavelengths are more likely to cause sunburn.
200 nm is probably too short to be transmitted by the atmosphere
What is the force on a 1 000 kilogram-elevator that is falling freely under the acceleration of
gravity only (9.8m/s²)?
Answer:
9800N
Explanation:
Since it is falling freely, the only force on it is its weight, w. w = m ⋅ g = 1000kg ⋅ 9.8ms2 = 9800N
the source that creates an excess of electrons (negative charge) at one end of a conductor and a deficiency of electrons (positive charge) at the opposite end represents the
Electric potential difference, also known as voltage, is the result of a source that generates an excess of electrons (negative charge) at one end of a conductor and a deficit of electrons (positive charge) at the other end.
This voltage difference results from the separation of electric charges, which can happen through electromagnetic induction in a generator or chemical processes inside a battery. The conductor's electrons are repelled by an excess of electrons at one end and are drawn to the opposite end, which has a shortage of electrons. Electric current is the name for this flow of electrons, which may be used to power machinery and electronics. the source that creates an excess of electrons (negative charge) at one end of a conductor and a deficiency of electrons Voltage is a fundamental characteristic of electricity that is measured in volts (V).
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For the circuit shown in Fig. E26.7 find the reading of the idealized ammeter if the battery has an internal resistance of 3.26 ohm
The idealised ammeter and the 3 ohm resistor are connected in series, and they both get the same current. As a result, 2.13 A is likewise the idealized ammeter's reading.
What is the optimal ammeter's internal resistance?An perfect ammeter's internal resistance is zero, whereas an ideal voltmeter's internal resistance is infinite.
The following formula can be used to get the parallel resistors' equivalent resistance:
1/Req = 1/12 + 1/9
1/Req = 3/36 + 4/36
1/Req = 7/36
Req = 36/7 ≈ 5.14 ohms
Now that the circuit has the equivalent resistance, we can redisplay it:
The circuit's overall current is determined by:
I = V / (Rint + Req)
I = 18 / (3.26 + 5.14)
I ≈ 2.13 A.
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a 3.0 a current is set up in a circuit for 3.0 min by a rechargeable battery with a 9.0 v emf. by how much is the chemical energy of the battery reduced?
The chemical energy of the rechargeable battery is reduced by 27 joules when a 3.0 A current is set up in the circuit for 3.0 minutes.
This can be calculated by multiplying the battery's emf, 9.0 V, with the amount of current, 3.0 A, and the time it was set up, 3.0 minutes, to get the amount of electrical energy in joules (J):
E = I x V x t
= 3.0 A x 9.0 V x 3.0 min
= 81 J
The chemical energy of the battery can be calculated by subtracting the electrical energy from the total energy of the battery, which is 108 J. Thus, the chemical energy of the battery is reduced by 27 J when the current is set up in the circuit:
E(chemical) = E(total) - E(electrical)
= 108 J - 81 J
= 27 J
In conclusion, the chemical energy of the battery is reduced by 27 joules when a 3.0 A current is set up in the circuit for 3.0 minutes.
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a ball is thrown vertically upward from a height of 4 feet with an initial velocity of 50 feet per second. how high will the ball go?
The ball will reach a maximum height of 86 feet.
The ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 50 feet per second.
Using the equation v2 = u2 + 2as, the maximum height that the ball will reach can be calculated as:
s = (v2 - u2) / 2a
where s is the maximum height, v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, and a is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s2).
Plugging in the values for u and v, we get s = (502 - 02) / 2(9.81) = 86 feet.
Therefore, the maximum height the ball will reach is 86 feet.
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consider an electron gun with an accelerating potential of 288 v. what is the wavelength of the emitted electrons? enter the wavelength in nm unit
The wavelength of the emitted electrons is: equal to 1.83915 × 10^-9 m, or 1.83915 nm.
The wavelength of electrons emitted from an electron gun with an accelerating potential of 288 V can be calculated using the following equation:
λ = h/√(2mV)
where h is Planck's constant (6.62607 × 10^-34 m2 kg/s), m is the mass of the electron (9.10938 × 10^-31 kg) and V is the accelerating potential of the electron gun (288 V).
Therefore, the wavelength of the emitted electrons is equal to 1.83915 × 10^-9 m, or 1.83915 nm. This calculation is based on the de Broglie equation, which states that matter, including electrons, has wave-like properties and can be described using a wave equation.
According to the de Broglie equation, particles with a given mass and velocity have a wavelength that can be calculated by dividing Planck's constant (h) by the square root of twice the mass of the particle multiplied by its velocity. This equation is commonly used to calculate the wavelength of electrons emitted from an electron gun.
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as the dyes get longer, two effects compete. equation (5) indicates that as n; increases, the absorption wavelength should decrease, but as l increases, the absorption wave length should increase which one wins? can you figure out why?
The effect of increasing the length of the dye molecules on their absorption wavelength can be complex, as two competing effects are at play. Equation (5) would suggest that as the number of repeating units in the dye molecule, n, increases, the absorption wavelength should decrease.
However, as the length of the dye molecule, l, increases, the absorption wavelength should increase. Which effect will win out depends on the relative magnitude of the increase in l compared to the increase in n. If the increase in l is greater than the increase in n, then the absorption wavelength will increase, and vice versa.
Ultimately, the effect of increasing the length of the dye molecule on the absorption wavelength will depend on the specifics of the dye molecule, such as its composition and the size of the repeating units.
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why does it take more energy to convert liquid water to steam than it does to convert ice to liquid water
The water molecules require more energy to be further separated and converted into steam than it does to convert ice to liquid water, because liquid water has a higher specific heat capacity than ice, which means that it requires more energy to raise its temperature.
In order to convert liquid water into steam, the water molecules must absorb a large amount of energy. This energy is used to overcome the strong intermolecular forces of attraction between the water molecules that hold them in their liquid state. This energy is known as the latent heat of vaporization.
In contrast, when ice is converted into liquid water, the energy required is only enough to overcome the weaker intermolecular forces of attraction that hold the ice in its solid state. This energy is known as the latent heat of fusion.
Once the ice has been converted to liquid water, the water molecules require more energy to be further separated and converted into steam than they did to overcome the weaker forces that held them together as a solid ice block. This is because liquid water has a higher specific heat capacity than ice, which means that it requires more energy to raise its temperature.
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a hard billiard ball elastically collides with another hard billiard ball of equal mass. which situation is possible?
In an elastic collision, the total kinetic energy and momentum of the system are conserved. So, in the case of a hard billiard ball elastically colliding with another hard billiard ball of equal mass,
There are two possible situations that can occur. These situations are as follows:
When the two hard billiard balls collide head-on and return with equal speed.When the two hard billiard balls collide at an angle, they deflect at the same angle, and their speed remains the same.
Elasticity refers to the ability of a substance to return to its original shape and size when an external force is applied to it.
Elasticity is an essential concept in the field of physics and is used to describe the behavior of materials under stress.The coefficient of restitution is a measure of the elasticity of an object.
It is defined as the ratio of the relative speed of separation to the relative speed of approach after a collision between two objects.
The coefficient of restitution ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 representing a completely inelastic collision and 1 representing a completely elastic collision.
When two hard billiard balls elastically collide, they can either collide head-on and return with equal speed or collide at an angle and deflect at the same angle while maintaining the same speed.
Elasticity is a fundamental concept that is used to describe the behavior of materials under stress. The coefficient of restitution is a measure of the elasticity of an object.
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