the first step in the problem-definition process is: group of answer choices creation of the research design recognizing that there is a problem or opportunity. determining if the needed information is already available. determining why the information is being sought. none of the above

The displacement of information as we learn additional information is called retroactive interference.

Interference refers to the phenomenon whereby learning something new inhibits or disrupts the recall of something else that has already been learned. This is a process by which new learning disrupts recall of old information.Interference can be categorized into two types: proactive and retroactive. Proactive interference is a situation in which prior learning inhibits the recall of subsequent learning.

Retroactive interference is a situation in which subsequent learning inhibits the recall of prior learning. Memory for information, objects, and events can be affected by various factors. One of the factors that can impact our memories is the phenomenon of interference. Retroactive interference is the phenomenon of the new learning interfering with the recall of old learning. It's how newer learning may overshadow or replace older memories in our minds.

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Security breaches and data hacking can lead to a loss of sensitive information, financial loss, or reputational damage.

The primary ethical, social, and political issues raised by information systems are as follows:  

Privacy and Security: Information systems raise ethical and social concerns related to the privacy and security of personal and organizational data. Security breaches and data hacking can lead to a loss of sensitive information, financial loss, or reputational damage.

Piracy: Information systems have made it easier for people to copy and distribute copyrighted content without permission, leading to a loss of revenue for the creators and distributors of the content.

Identity theft: Hackers and cybercriminals can use information systems to steal personal information such as social security numbers, bank account numbers, and credit card information, leading to identity theft and financial loss.

Social Responsibility: Information systems have a social responsibility to be fair, transparent, and accountable in their operations, particularly regarding access to information, privacy, and data protection.

The digital divide: Information systems have created an uneven distribution of access to technology and resources, particularly among marginalized communities, leading to a digital divide that exacerbates social and economic inequalities.

Ethical considerations: Information systems raise ethical issues related to the use of technology, particularly in areas such as surveillance, artificial intelligence, and automation.

Political issues: Information systems raise political issues related to the role of technology in governance, particularly regarding issues of data privacy, cybersecurity, and government surveillance.

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The requirement to speak English can be considered an example of cultural genocide brought on by colonialism.

Cultural genocide is the intentional destruction of the cultural heritage of a group of people. This type of infliction is especially damaging for Indigenous Peoples, as their cultures are tied to the land and their connection to the environment is an essential part of their identity.

The purpose of the boarding schools was to assimilate Native Americans into white culture and to eradicate their language, traditions, and beliefs.

Native American children were forcibly taken from their families and enrolled in the boarding schools, where they were forbidden to speak their native language, wear traditional clothing, practice traditional customs, and follow their spiritual beliefs. They were forced to adopt English and the customs of white settlers.

The effects of these boarding schools have been long-lasting and have had a devastating effect on Native American culture, including the destruction of language, spiritual practice, and identity.

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The given sentence "placing both hands at the side of one's head and pointing upward with the forefingers signals that one is angry in some cultures (such as Japan); in others, however, it refers to the devil; and in others it means that one wants sex" is an example of Nonverbal communication.

Nonverbal communication is the method of communication that involves sending and receiving information without the use of verbal language. It includes gestures, facial expressions, body language, touch, and tone of voice. Nonverbal communication is an important part of interpersonal communication because it helps people to understand and interpret the message of others, and it also helps to express the message in a more precise and effective way.

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Increased eye contact by the receiver of a message signals increasing levels of interest and concentration in the conversation or message being communicated.

Increasing levels of interest and concentration in the conversation or message being delivered are often indicated by the recipient of communication making more eye contact. Eye contact is a nonverbal indication that frequently conveys the listener's level of interest and engagement in the discourse.

While increased eye contact occasionally could be an indication of dishonesty or a threat of power, these are not common signs and would depend on the circumstances. Greater eye contact may also be a sign of scepticism and confusion if the listener is doing a careful assessment of the information being given. More eye contact, however, is typically linked to listening intently and participating in the discourse.

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Serious Leisure theory was developed by Robert A. Stebbins, a Canadian sociologist, and it posits that leisure activities can be divided into three categories: casual leisure, project-based leisure, and serious leisure  are following characteristics refer to Serious Leisure theory of leisure.

The Canadian sociologist Robert A. Stebbins created the serious leisure theory, which states that there are three types of leisure activities: casual leisure, project-based leisure, and serious leisure. Serious leisure is defined as recreational pursuits that demand a significant amount of effort, are driven by internal motivations, and are pursued in a manner akin to a career.

The need to persevere and overcome challenges, a special shared ethos between participants, and long-lasting benefits to personal identity are just a few traits of serious leisure. Serious leisure participants may gain a high level of skill or expertise in their chosen activity as well as a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction from their participation. A few examples of serious pastimes are hobbies like

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Explain

*considerable effort required *motivation in intrinsic *participation is similar to a career *unique shared ethos between participants *durable benefits to personal identity *

the following characteristics refer to which theory of leisure?

According to Kermit, a sign-based program that recognizes signing and spoken languages to be of equal value can provide students with the best possibility of fulfilling their potential.

What is sign-based program?A sign-based program is a program that is developed based on sign language. Sign language is a visual language that is conveyed using the hands and facial expressions. It is a natural language that can be expressed through signing and lip movements..Speech-based programA speech-based program is a program that is designed to teach students using spoken language.

This program is suitable for students who have a good command of spoken language. It aims to improve the students' language skills and to help them to become proficient in the language.

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The most efficient method for Sarah's extended family to interact and remain linked despite physical distance and time limitations would be a group conversation or video conference using a tool like Zoom.

Sarah's extended family would profit from a contact method that is both practical and inclusive given the hectic schedules and physical separation. No matter where they are in the world, family members can communicate virtually by using a tool for group messaging or video conferencing like Zoom.

Family members can communicate more easily using this tool because it can handle different time zones and schedules, making it simpler for them to do so at convenient times. A controlled and polite contact strategy, like email or a private conversation, may be more suitable for alienated family members to prevent any potential disputes. In general, even in the face of distance and other difficulties, frequent communication and finding shared ground can help reinforce family ties.

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Sean's records of low birth weight and developmental problems suggest that he may additionally had been exposed to alcohol in utero, that's a recognized teratogen.

This could purpose a variety of physical, behavioral, and cognitive troubles in the developing fetus. Prenatal exposure to alcohol can bring about fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which could have an effect on numerous components of a baby's improvement, which include increase, mind shape and function, sensory processing, interest, reminiscence, and mastering.

Low start weight is a common effect of FAS/FASD, and perceptual and attentional troubles are frequently observed in affected people. it's far important for pregnant ladies to keep away from alcohol consumption to prevent fetal alcohol exposure and its related developmental troubles.

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The beneficent assimilation proclamation made by President McKinley served as his reason for annexing the Philippines.

The Spanish government was urged by President McKinley to pursue a conciliation strategy with the Cuban insurrectionists in an effort to avert war. It was too late for the Spanish government to accede to the American public's call for intervention.

President McKinley requested permission from Congress to send American forces to put an end to a violent civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba on April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. Maine was obliterated by an explosion in Havana harbor.

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Self-determination theory (SDT) and goal-setting theory (GST) are two closely related theories in the field of psychology. Both theories are used to explain and predict individual behavior, motivation, and performance.

The similarities between SDT and GST are that both theories involve setting goals and working towards those goals. Both theories also focus on the importance of autonomy and self-efficacy in motivation. Additionally, both theories emphasize the importance of feedback and reinforcement for helping individuals achieve their goals.

The differences between SDT and GST are that SDT focuses more on intrinsic motivation, while GST focuses more on extrinsic motivation. SDT also emphasizes the importance of supportive environments, relationships, and autonomy in helping individuals achieve their goals, while GST is more focused on the individual’s ability to set and achieve goals. SDT also suggests that self-determination and intrinsic motivation are essential for effective performance and well-being, while GST suggests that setting goals and monitoring progress are the key elements to successful goal achievement.

Overall, SDT and GST are both theories used to explain and predict individual behavior, motivation, and performance. While they share similarities, there are some key differences in the focus of the theories.

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It is false that research suggests that overweight and obese children who are bullied because of their weight are likely to eat less as a result

Research suggests that overweight and obese children are more likely to engage in emotional eating and consume more food as a coping mechanism. Bullying can lead to increased stress, negative emotions, and lower self-esteem, which can contribute to unhealthy eating behaviors such as binge eating or seeking comfort in food.

This is supported by studies that have found a positive association between weight-based bullying and higher calorie intake or unhealthy eating patterns among overweight or obese children.

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The best situation to illustrate this is when one has learned to be helpless.

Learned helplessness is a state that occurs after the person has gone through a stressful situation repeatedly. They start to think that they can't influence or alter the situation, so they give up even when there are chances for change.

When a person feels they have little control over the outcome of stressful circumstances or traumatic experiences, learned helplessness frequently results. As a result, they experience feelings of hopelessness and demotivation, which persist even after they have the chance to change their situation.

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The threats, negative remarks, or defamatory comments transmitted via the internet or posted on a website are commonly referred to as cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying can take many forms, such as sending hurtful messages, sharing embarrassing photos or videos, spreading rumors, or impersonating someone online.

Cyberbullying can cause emotional distress, anxiety, and depression, and can even lead to physical harm. It is important to take steps to prevent cyberbullying, such as educating yourself and others on the issue, reporting any incidents to the appropriate authorities, and seeking help if you or someone you know is being targeted.

In summary, cyberbullying involves any form of online harassment or abuse, and it is important to recognize and address this issue to ensure the safety and well-being of all individuals involved.

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The option that is defined as having too little money to meet minimum needs for food, clothing, and shelter is poverty.

Poverty is a lack of money or a lack of economic resources. Poverty is defined as the state of being impoverished or lacking in basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, or clean water, as well as the inability to pay for essential goods and services such as health care or education.

The poverty line is the amount of money required to meet the basic minimum needs of food, shelter, and clothing, according to experts. In developing countries, the World Bank defines poverty as living on less than $1.25 per day, while in developed countries, the poverty line is determined by calculating the percentage of people who live below a certain income level, which varies by country.

Hence, the correct option is  poverty.

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Answer:

Although many of the slaves who worked for temple estates endured harsh treatment, the average Ancient Egyptian slave lived a life akin to that of a serf. They had the ability to barter deals and possess personal property. Slaves who were held as chattel or in debt received food but likely no wages. ​ However, slavery in America was distinct because a person who was enslaved was considered to be property that could be purchased, sold, or given away. They possessed no rights at all.

Explanation:

Disseminating a standardized form to a broader public represents 6th  degree of separation in the scaling up process. In this case option b is correct

The process of bringing an innovation or intervention from a small-scale pilot program to a larger scale in order to reach more people and have a greater impact is known as scaling up. Designing and testing the innovation, adapting it to various contexts, and expanding its dissemination are typical steps in the scaling up process.

Scaling up describes the "degree of separation" as the number of steps or middlemen needed to spread an innovation from its source to the final consumer.

The innovation is spread from the initial adopters to a larger audience in the second degree of separation, frequently using standardized forms, manuals, or other materials. This stage in the scaling up process is crucial because it allows the innovation

In this case option b is correct

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The major task confronting 15-year-old Tony according to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development is identity versus role confusion.

At this stage of development, teenagers must figure out who they are and where they belong in society, and develop a sense of self. This is a complex process and involves understanding their own beliefs, values, and interests, as well as how they fit in with their family, peers, and society as a whole.

To do this, teens must explore and experiment with different values, roles, and behaviors, while avoiding extremes of behavior. They must also learn to accept their mistakes and still feel good about themselves.

All of this takes time and effort, but if successful, will lead to a strong sense of self-identity and the ability to form meaningful relationships.

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He knew he could not yell on the trainer, so he went returned to his room and yelled at his roommate. Freud would say that Jerry has engaged in the use of Displacement.

Displacement refers to the change in position or location of an object or a particle from its initial position or reference point. It is a vector quantity that represents the distance and direction between the initial and final positions of an object. Displacement is measured in units of length, such as meters, centimeters, or kilometers. It is calculated by subtracting the initial position vector from the final position vector of the object.

In physics, displacement is an important concept in the study of motion and dynamics. It can be used to determine the distance traveled by an object, the velocity of the object, and the time it takes to travel a certain distance.

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Complete Question: -

Jerry was really angry at the teacher because he failed the test. He said the test was not fair and was way too hard. He knew he could not yell at the teacher, so he went back to his room and yelled at his roommate. Freud would say that Jerry has engaged in the use of

Hume argues that no necessary connections are ever displayed in our experiences. This statement is true.

What did Hume argue?

Hume is a famous philosopher who believed that everything we know is based on our experiences. He came up with the concept of "empiricism," which is the idea that knowledge comes from experience. He believed that our knowledge is based on our perceptions and that all of our ideas come from what we have seen or experienced. He believed that we cannot know anything beyond our experience because we have no way of verifying it. Hume's view of necessary connections  Hume claimed that there are no necessary connections between events.

According to Hume, we can only observe that two things happen together, but we cannot prove that one caused the other. Hume argued that if we try to establish causal relationships based on our experiences, we will find that we are unable to do so. Hume's problem of induction Hume believed that induction, which is the process of drawing general conclusions from specific instances, was problematic. According to Hume, we cannot assume that the future will resemble the past just because the past has been a certain way. He argued that we cannot know what will happen in the future based on what has happened in the past because there is no logical connection between past and future events. As a result, Hume claimed that all knowledge is ultimately uncertain.

What did Hume mean by necessary connection?

Hume believed that there was no necessary connection between events because we can only observe that two things happen together, but we cannot prove that one caused the other. He claimed that there are no necessary connections between events. In other words, just because two things happen together does not mean that one caused the other. According to Hume, the only thing we can observe is that two events are related in some way, but we cannot establish a causal relationship between them.

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Approximately 40% of preschoolers (i.e., 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) receiving special education have a speech and language disorder.

According to a survey conducted by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, speech and language disorders are among the most common disorders that children face. These disorders can affect a child's ability to communicate effectively with others.Language disorders are characterized by difficulties in producing and/or understanding language.

These difficulties can be caused by a variety of factors, including hearing loss, brain injury, and developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder. Children with language disorders may have difficulty expressing themselves through speech, understanding spoken language, or using language in social situations. They may also struggle with reading and writing, which can impact their academic performance.

There are many different types of language disorders, and each child may experience different symptoms depending on the type and severity of their disorder. Some common types of language disorders include expressive language disorder, receptive language disorder, and mixed receptive-expressive language disorder.

Treatment for language disorders typically involves a combination of speech therapy and special education services. These services are designed to help children develop the skills they need to communicate effectively and succeed academically. With early intervention and appropriate treatment, many children with language disorders are able to overcome their difficulties and lead successful lives.

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A fundamental characteristic of rights that is violated when a neighbor erects a privacy fence partially on your property without your permission is that "rights are enduring."

Rights are defined as entitlements that allow individuals to act or not act in certain ways, and they are generally seen as a means of ensuring that people have the ability to live in the way they wish to live. Fundamental rights, on the other hand, are a set of basic human rights that have been recognized as inherent in the individual's existence, and they are guaranteed by law. The US Constitution's Bill of Rights lists fundamental rights such as the right to freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to privacy. Rights are enduring, meaning that they are enduring and remain in place regardless of circumstances. They don't go away simply because somebody else wants them to. As a result, if a neighbor builds a fence partially on another's property without permission, it violates the enduring nature of that person's rights. In this scenario, it is clear that the neighbor does not have the right to build a fence on the other person's property. However, this is a legal issue that will need to be resolved by the courts.

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Supporting local, state, tribal, and territorial government recovery efforts is primarily a responsibility of the respective government bodies themselves. Each level of government has its own unique role in disaster recovery, but they all work together to support affected communities.

Normally, local governments are the first to respond to a disaster. They are in charge of organizing the initial emergency response efforts and giving affected people and their families immediate relief. Along with coordinating recovery efforts with state and federal agencies, they also work to assess the damage.

State governments are in charge of organizing the overall disaster response and giving aid and support to the affected areas. If necessary, they may coordinate with other states to offer assistance.

In terms of disaster response and recovery, tribal governments play a special role because they are tasked with working with federal agencies to make sure that the needs of tribal communities are met. Additionally, they make an effort to include traditional tribal knowledge and practices in recovery initiatives.

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After about 10 minutes Beth no longer notices the smell of her  mother-in-law's perfume. this is probably the result of: olfactory adaptation.

The phenomenon you are describing is called olfactory adaptation, which is the process by which the brain adjusts to a particular smell and eventually stops registering it.

Olfactory adaptation occurs because the receptors in our noses become desensitized to a smell when exposed to it for too long. This means that after a certain amount of time, the brain stops sending signals about the scent and therefore does not perceive it.

Olfactory adaptation can happen for a wide variety of smells and can last for several hours or even days. This means that Beth will no longer smell her mother-in-law's perfume after 10 minutes, because her nose has become used to the smell and no longer registers it.

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Answer:

overconfidence

Explanation:

Kala makes a list of what she thinks she will accomplish but never does accomplish all of it. Because of this she is over confident.

Passage A does not commit a fallacy; specifically, it does not commit the fallacy of begging the question. The passage provides a logical and clear conclusion based on the premises given.
Passage B does commit a fallacy, specifically, it surely commits the fallacy of begging the question. This fallacy occurs when the conclusion is assumed in one of the premises, making the argument circular and not providing any new information.

The premises are that barn swallows are birds that fly south for the winter, they are a type of swallow, and birds that fly south for the winter are migratory birds. From these premises, it is valid to conclude that some swallows are migratory birds.

In Passage B, the conclusion is that you shouldn't trust people who claim to have telekinetic powers. The premise is that it is impossible to move physical bodies simply by the influence of the mind. By stating that it's impossible, the passage assumes the conclusion that telekinetic powers don't exist, which is what it's trying to prove. This makes the circular argument and commits the fallacy of begging the question.

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EMRs such as fire fighters, law enforcement officers, and park rangers, are an integral part of the EMS system because they are typically the first responders to an emergency situation.

EMRs (Emergency Medical Responders) are a type of first responder who is specifically trained to provide basic life support (BLS) in emergency medical situations. EMRs are often firefighters, police officers, park rangers, or other non-medical professionals who are trained to respond to emergencies until EMS personnel arrive on the scene.

They can stabilize patients, manage airways, control bleeding, and administer oxygen and certain medications. The role of EMRs

EMRs are the first line of defense in any medical emergency, and they play a critical role in the EMS system. EMRs are typically the first to arrive on the scene of an emergency, and they have the skills and knowledge necessary to assess and stabilize the patient until EMS personnel arrive.

EMRs can perform basic life support (BLS) procedures and can administer oxygen, control bleeding, stabilize fractures, and manage the airway in order to prevent further harm to the patient.

They are also trained to communicate effectively with the EMS personnel who will eventually take over the care of the patient, ensuring that the handoff is as smooth and efficient as possible.

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EMRs such as fire fighters, law enforcement officers, and park rangers, are an integral part of the EMS system because they often arrive first on the scene and can provide life-saving assistance to those in need.

They are the first responders who are responsible for providing emergency medical services (EMS). They play a significant role in helping the critically ill or injured get the necessary medical care and treatment they need.

EMRs work alongside paramedics and other healthcare professionals to ensure that patients receive the best possible care. Together with other medical personnel, EMRs play an essential role in providing medical care and transportation to people in distress or in need of urgent care.

They assist patients by stabilizing their conditions, administering medication and lifesaving techniques such as CPR, and transporting them to the hospital or other medical facilities. EMRs such as firefighters, law enforcement officers, and park rangers may also be required to assist in search and rescue operations or natural disaster response efforts.

Their expertise in navigating dangerous or challenging situations is critical in ensuring that everyone is evacuated safely and without injury. EMRs are an integral part of the EMS system because they are the first to respond and can make the difference between life and death for those in need.

Their work is challenging and often requires them to operate under extreme conditions, but their dedication to helping others is unmatched.

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Applying the National Disaster Recovery Framework's (NDRF) guiding principle of "Involve and Collaborate" is an example of ensuring that residents of disaster-impacted communities have the opportunity to participate in the recovery process by providing their input and ideas, or by playing leadership roles.

Principle of "Involve and Collaborate" emphasizes the importance of engaging local stakeholders in the decision-making process, as well as providing a platform for them to have their voices heard and needs met. In addition, it seeks to promote leadership roles.

This process is essential in order to build trust and collaboration between residents, government, and other organizations, and create a sustainable, equitable, and resilient recovery.

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The Belmont Report establishes three fundamental ethical principles for research involving human subjects: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. The principle of respect for persons states that participants should be treated with dignity and autonomy, and should be informed about the aims and risks of the research so that they can make an informed decision about whether or not to participate.

The use of smartphones or personal computers for study participation may pose a problem in terms of respect for individuals. In particular, some participants may not have access to these devices and could therefore be excluded from the research.

In summary, the use of smartphones or personal computers for research participation may raise an ethical issue in terms of the principle of respect for persons if steps are not taken to ensure that participants' needs and preferences are respected.

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Saru Jayaraman was made aware of the people who touched her food and the beginning of the Restaurant Opportunities Center (ROC) United by the September 11, 2001, event  or the 9/11 tragedy .

Saru Jayaraman became involved with the plight of restaurant workers after the 9/11 tragedy in New York City, which severely harmed the restaurant business, particularly in Manhattan. She was a member of the research team at UNITE HERE Local 2 in San Francisco, volunteered to go to New York City to work with the workers who lost their jobs due to the destruction caused by 9/11.

She observed the sad working and living conditions of workers in New York City's "Windows on the World," a famed restaurant at the top of the World Trade Center towers. She observed how these people were treated poorly and paid low wages, despite the fact that they were well-educated and experienced in the field.

These events motivated Saru Jayaraman to establish the Restaurant Opportunities Center (ROC) United. ROC is a national organization that advocates for better pay and working conditions for restaurant workers, as well as the ability to form a union.

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