In Chunk 4, in what two ways does Krimsky say the media must be independent? How does he suggest that these goals be achieved?


this is not a multiple-choice.


Here's chunk 4

Chunk 4

18Where is the relevance of all this to the emerging democracies around the world? Certainly the American experience, for all its messiness, provides a useful precedent, if not always a model.

19For example, when one talks about an independent media, it is necessary to include financial independence as a prerequisite, in addition to political independence. The American revenue-earning model of heavy reliance on advertising is highly suspect in many former communist countries, but one has to weigh the alternatives. Are government and party subsidies less imprisoning? If journalists are so fearful of contamination by advertiser pressure, they can build internal walls between news and business functions, similar to those American newspapers erected earlier in this century.

20If they are fearful of political contamination of the information-gathering process, they can build another wall separating the newsroom from the editorial department—another important concept in modern American journalism.

21The problem in many new democracies is that journalists who once had to toe the single-party line equate independence with opposition. Because they speak out against the government, they say they are independent. But haven’t they just traded one affiliation for another? There is little room for unvarnished truth in a partisan press.

22Is objectivity a luxury in societies that have only recently begun to enjoy the freedom to voice their opinions? Listen to a Lithuanian newspaper editor shortly after his country gained its independence: "I want my readers to know what their heads are for. " His readers were used to being told not only what to think about, but what to think. Democracy requires the public to make choices and decisions. This editor wanted to prepare citizens for that responsibility with articles that inform but do not pass judgment. His circulation increased.

23Though nearly 60 percent of the world’s nations today are declared democracies—a monumental change from a mere decade ago—most of them have nevertheless instituted press laws that prohibit reporting on a whole array of subjects ranging from the internal activity and operations of government to the private lives of leaders. Some of these are well-intentioned efforts to "preserve public stability. " But all of them, ALL of them, undermine self-governance.

24The watchdog role of the free press can often appear as mean-spirited. How do the government and public protect themselves from its excesses? In the United States, it is done in a variety of ways. One, for example, is the use of "ombudsmen. " In this case, news organizations employ an in-house critic to hear public complaints and either publish or broadcast their judgments. Another is the creation of citizens’ councils which sit to hear public complaints about the press and then issue verdicts, which, although not carrying the force of law, are aired widely.

25Last, and most effective, is libel law. In the United States, a citizen can win a substantial monetary award from a news organization if libel is proven in a court of law. It is much harder for a public official or celebrity than an ordinary citizen to win a libel case against the press, because the courts have ruled that notoriety comes with being in the limelight. In most cases, the complaining ``notable `` must prove "malice aforethought.

26There is nothing in the American constitution that says the press must be responsible and accountable. Those requirements were reserved for the government. In a free-market democracy, the people—that is the voters and the buying public—ultimately decide as to how their press should act. If at least a semblance of truth-in-the-public-service does not remain a motivating force for the mass media of the future, neither free journalism nor true democracy has much hope, in my opinion.

27The nature and use of new technology is not the essential problem. If true journalists are worried about their future in an age when everyone with a computer can call themselves journalists, then the profession has to demonstrate that it is special, that it offers something of real value and can prove it to the public. There is still a need today—perhaps more than ever—for identifying sense amidst the nonsense, for sifting the important from the trivial, and, yes, for telling the truth. Those[‘d goals still constitute the best mandate for a free press in a democracy.

28George Washington’s admonition, uttered at the Constitutional Convention, still stands: "Let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest can repair. "

Answer:

With all of the death and destruction caused by the Civil War, the beginning of American realism was influenced by Americans yearning to escape into an ideal world. They intended to remove romanticism and the sentimental heritage that most women writers are identified with.

Explanation:

Answer: OA

Explanation:

People are too impatient now to wait for things, reasons such as we have next day and same day delivery. People no longer are satisfied easily like previous generations.

A banquet usually suggests celebration and welcome. Prospero's purposes were two-fold in the final scene of the act. First, he wanted to make Ferdinand's betrothal to Miranda official. Second, he wanted to expose Antonio's and Sebastian's villainy to the world.

The banquet was interrupted by the appearance of the harpy, and Prospero used this event to achieve both goals at the same time. He first denounced Antonio and Sebastian for trying to assassinate him by creating the banquet. He then called out Alonso, Antonio, and Sebastian for their role in Prospero's usurpation and exile.

He compared himself to the harpy, which was a symbol of justice, and said that it was time for them to pay for their sins. The harpy then drove the men out of their minds by tossing food and drink at them. This was not just a metaphorical retribution; it was a physical one as well.

Prospero's purpose was accomplished through the disrupted banquet because it allowed him to make the dramatic proclamation that he had intended to make. The incident also allowed him to show his mastery over Ariel and Caliban, as they were responsible for bringing the men to the island.

It is an interrupted feast that is particularly appropriate for Prospero's purposes in the final scene of the act, as it provides him with an opportunity to denounce his enemies and, at the same time, make a spectacle of himself. It also demonstrates Prospero's mastery over the forces of nature and magic, as he is able to disrupt the banquet with the appearance of the harpy.

Learn more about celebration at https://brainly.com/question/25338370

#SPJ11

The ideal outcome for the speaker would be for the audience to adopt a dog.

The final element of communication is the result or outcome. It's how the listener reacts to the speaker's message or request. This may be in the form of an action, such as adopting a dog, or a change in the listener's beliefs or attitudes. The speaker's ultimate goal is to persuade the listener to take action or see things from a new perspective.

In this scenario, the speaker is requesting the audience to adopt a dog. Therefore, the ideal outcome for the speaker would be for the audience to adopt a dog. This would be the desired action that would fulfill the speaker's purpose and bring about the desired result.

know more about communication here

https://brainly.com/question/22558440#

#SPJ11

Answer:

They had made a new treat.

Explanation:

Just makes sense

Answer:

B

Explanation:

music is a hobby, dead give away

The playwright generally relies on the dramatic point of view when creating their plays. The four main points of view employed by the fiction writer are: First person, Second person, Third person limited, and Third person omniscient.

As a playwright, Playwrights rely on the third person point of view, which is the same point of view that novelists and short story writers use. The four primary points of view are as follows: First-person narrative, Second-person narrative, Third-person omniscient narrative and Third-person limited narrative Playwrights, on the other hand, use third-person point of view, as it is the most natural choice for the playwright. Third-person omniscient and third-person limited are the two types of third-person narratives available.

know more about fiction here

https://brainly.com/question/29587655#

#SPJ11

Answer:

For number 1 is B, For number 4 is G

Explanation:

Answer:

"thin as a soda straw" and "the colors spirals as on a barber's pole" are the only sentences that are figurative. Every other line is literal.

Explanation:

the quotes lines are similes as they use the word "as" and describe one object to another object that is not literally present, to create a form of imagery for the reader.

Answer:

The correct way to revise the sentence to use parallel structure is:

Every day after sunset, Debra enjoys taking care of her garden, trimming the hedges, raking the fallen leaves, and watering the plants.

The verbs "trimming," "raking," and "watering" need to be in the same form, which is the present participle, to make the sentence parallel. Additionally, the tense needs to be consistent, so "enjoys" should be used instead of "enjoyed" to match the present tense of the actions being performed.

Explanation:

Odysseus's ten-year trek commenced in Asia Minor at the fallen town of Troy (the inexperienced marker) following the end of the Trojan War. His closing destination: his domestic in Ithaca (the red marker). Click the markers for data on every step of his journey.

The theme of DISGUISE AND RECOGNITION, which was once begun on the island of the Phaeacians, is revisited with growing frequency as soon as Odysseus reaches Ithaca. The first man or woman he sees is Athena, herself disguised as a young man.

After identifying himself to the Phaeacians at the feast, Odysseus tells the story of his wanderings. Following the victory at Troy, he and his men sail to Ismarus, the stronghold of the Cicones.

Learn moore about Odysseus visit here:

"Sudden Disappearance" is a short story by Okpala Michael that tells the tale of a young man named Obinna who suddenly disappears from his village. The story is set in a rural Nigerian village and explores themes of tradition, superstition, and the impact of modernization on traditional ways of life. The disappearance of Obinna is shrouded in mystery, with some villagers believing that he was taken by evil spirits while others suspect foul play. The story ends with no clear resolution to the mystery, leaving readers to draw their own conclusions about what happened to Obinna. - Explanation: "Sudden Disappearance" is a thought-provoking short story that raises important questions about the clash between tradition and modernity in rural Nigeria. Through the character of Obinna, the author highlights the challenges faced by young people who are torn between their desire for a better life and their loyalty to their cultural heritage. The story also touches on themes of superstition and belief in supernatural forces, which are still prevalent in many parts of Nigeria today. Overall, "Sudden Disappearance" is a powerful work of literature that offers insight into the complexities of life in rural Africa.

The interjection "Ahh" is used to express a feeling of relief or satisfaction.

In the example sentence "Ahh. It feels so nice to sit down after a long day at work," Ahh is an exclamation that indicates the speaker's emotional state or reaction to the situation. In this case, "Ahh" is used to convey the speaker's sense of physical relief after a long day at work and the pleasure of finally being able to sit down and relax. Interjections are words or phrases that express strong emotions or reactions, and they are often used to add emphasis or convey a particular tone in speech or writing.

Find more exercises on interjections;

https://brainly.com/question/1633224

#SPJ1

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

yw?

Answer:

We all have blood in our veins and a heart in our chest, Why treat others unfairly compared to the rest.

Explanation:

the blm thing is ridiculous its not just that one ethicinty its about each and every single one of them and no one notices how white people are shot and killed but just because theres another race that was shot and K1LLEDdoesnt mean OH MY GOSH BLACK LIVES MATTER GUYS A   BLACK PERSON JUST GOT K1LLED it should have always been all lives matter

We can fill in the blanks by paying attention to the context provided in each sentence and using the correct form of the verbs in the past, as below:

To do this activity, we should use our knowledge of irregular verbs in the past tense to fill in the blanks. For each sentence, we must look at the subject and the context of the sentence to determine which verb in the past tense form would fit best in the blank.

For example, in sentence A, the subject is Thomas Edison and the context is inventions, so the verb "invented" would fit best in the blank. We also paid attention to the tense given in the prompt, which is simple past.

This is the question in the attached file:

Fill in the blanks with the correct verb. Use simple past. Choose from the verbs below:

have - want (2) - be - be born - discover - do - invent - die - study - like

Learn more about the simple past here:

https://brainly.com/question/24289610

#SPJ1

The word "polyglots" refers to people who can use multiple languages fluently.

What is Polyglots?

Polyglots are individuals who can speak, write, and understand multiple languages fluently. They have a high level of proficiency in several languages, often acquired through extensive study, exposure, or immersion in various linguistic and cultural contexts. Polyglots are skilled in communicating with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures, and their language skills may also open up professional and personal opportunities for them. Some people have a natural aptitude for learning languages and can become polyglots with relative ease, while others may need to work harder to achieve fluency in multiple languages.

Based on the context clues in the excerpt, polyglots are able to use more than one language fluently. The sentence mentions that these schools aim to help students develop fluency in two languages at once, so that they become polyglots at a young age.

Learn more about Polyglots from given link

https://brainly.com/question/28968727

#SPJ1

The fire that ultimately destroys the house is caused by a wind-blown tree limb that crashes through a window and knocks over a bottle of cleaning solvent. The solvent then drips onto a hot stove, igniting a fire.

Describe the fire caused  incident in detail?

The story describes how the fire starts as follows: "Out of a wall socket came a tiny voice, very clear, saying, 'The house is on fire!' He [the house] knew that the room was his last refuge, and he had no desire to leave it. The house quivered at each sound, the stove complained like a rheumatic crone: 'I'm cold, I'm cold, oh, I'm so cold!'"

The house's attempts to extinguish the fire are unsuccessful, and the flames quickly spread throughout the house until it is completely destroyed. The story portrays the fire as a symbol of the destructive power of technology and the inevitability of its eventual obsolescence.

To know more about fire visit:

brainly.com/question/30512220

#SPJ1

The fire in the story "Contents of a Dead Man's Pocket" by Jack Finney is caused by a tree limb blown by the wind that crashes through a window, knocking over a bottle of cleaning solvent. The solvent then drips onto a hot stove and ignites a fire.

In the short story "Contents of a Dead Man's Pocket" by Jack Finney, the main character, Tom Benecke, finds himself in a precarious situation when he is trapped on his apartment building's ledge while his wife is out for the evening. Tom is so focused on a work project that he risks his life by reaching for a piece of paper that has flown out of his window and onto the ledge. He successfully retrieves the paper but is unable to climb back into his apartment until his wife returns.

Towards the end of the story, a gust of wind blows a tree limb through Tom's window, knocking over a bottle of cleaning solvent. The solvent drips onto a hot stove and ignites a fire, which quickly spreads throughout the apartment. Tom is forced to face the possibility of death once again as he tries to find a way to escape the burning building. In the end, he manages to make it out safely, but the experience changes his perspective on life and the importance of his relationships with his loved ones. The fire serves as a metaphor for the danger of becoming too focused on work and neglecting the people and experiences that truly matter in life.

To learn more about Contents of a Dead Man's Pocket, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29469289

#SPJ1

Answer:

Dear [Community Leader],

I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to bring attention to a pressing social concern that is affecting our community. As a concerned citizen, I believe it is essential that we address this issue together, and I would like to urge you to take action.

The concern I am referring to is the growing problem of homelessness in our community. Every day, we see more and more individuals who are forced to live on the streets due to a lack of affordable housing and support services. As a community, we cannot turn a blind eye to this issue any longer.

We need to work together to provide safe and secure housing for the homeless, as well as access to support services such as job training and mental health care. By doing so, we can help these individuals get back on their feet and become productive members of society once again.

As a community leader, I urge you to take a stand on this issue and work towards finding a solution. Whether it be through increased funding for homeless shelters or advocating for policies that promote affordable housing, we need your support to make a difference.

I am available to discuss this matter further and provide any additional information or resources that may be helpful. Please let me know if there is anything I can do to assist you in addressing this pressing social concern.

Thank you for your attention to this matter, and I look forward to hearing back from you soon.

Sincerely,

[Your Name]

The headings impact the reader's engagement with Passage 1 by all of the given options.

Hence, the correct option is E.

The headings in Passage 1 help to engage the reader by providing an introduction to the topics discussed and indicating which sections are the most important to read. This allows the reader to quickly identify which sections are relevant to their interests, and to understand the author's purpose in including certain sections.

Additionally, the headings can provide readers with an idea of what the section is about, which helps to draw their attention to the passage. The headings also help the reader to decide which section to start with first, as they can quickly determine which one is the most relevant to their interests. All these factors help to increase the reader's engagement with the passage.

Hence, the correct option is E.

To know more about reader , click here:

https://brainly.com/question/16391560

#SPJ4

The Question is-

How do the headings impact the reader's engagement with Passage 1?

a. The headings show the reader the author's purpose in including certain sections.

b. The headings indicate to the reader which sections are most important to read .

c.The headings provide the reader with an introduction to the topic of the section.

d. The headings emphasize which section the reader should start with first.

e. All of the above.

We can see in the passage "The Four Freedoms," Franklin D. Roosevelt's central idea is that every person in the world should have the right to four fundamental freedoms: freedom of speech and expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt was an American statesman who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is widely considered one of the most influential presidents in U.S. history, having led the country through the Great Depression and World War II.

Roosevelt believed that these freedoms were essential to human dignity and that they were under threat from the forces of tyranny and oppression that were spreading across the world at the time.

Roosevelt argued that freedom of speech and expression was necessary to protect democratic societies and ensure that people could voice their opinions without fear of retaliation. He also emphasized the importance of freedom of worship, which he believed was essential to the human spirit and allowed people to express their beliefs and values.

Learn more about Roosevelt on https://brainly.com/question/25608255

#SPJ1

William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragic love story that revolves around the lives of two young lovers, Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet,

who come from feuding families in Verona, Italy. Romeo, a Montague, attends a Capulet party and falls in love with Juliet at first sight. The two secretly marry the next day, but their happiness is short-lived as the feud between their families leads to a series of tragic events. Romeo kills Juliet’s cousin, Tybalt, and is banished from Verona, while Juliet is forced to marry Paris, a nobleman. The lovers' plans to be together fail, leading to their untimely deaths. Through the play, Shakespeare explores themes of love, hate, loyalty, fate, and the consequences of impulsive actions. The story of Romeo and Juliet is timeless and has become a classic in literature, with its beautiful language, complex characters, and tragic plot.

For more information on William Shakespeare see:

https://brainly.com/question/8912844

#SPJ1

The genre of comedy that ridicules such things as war, political corruption, and religious hypocrisy is satire.

Satire is a genre of literature that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to ridicule or criticize various human vices or institutions like war, politics, religion, society, or any other important aspects of life. It is aimed at creating awareness in people, educating them, or at least prompting them to rethink their ways of life, and the systems that govern their lives.

Satire has various types that include Horatian satire, Juvenalian satire, Menippean satire, and formal satire. Horatian satire, for instance, is a type of satire that ridicules human vices or institutions with gentle humor and sympathy, while Juvenalian satire uses scorn, outrage, and savage humor to attack the wrongs in society.

Menippean satire, on the other hand, uses a combination of different types of satire to attack society. The genre of comedy that ridicules such things as war, political corruption, and religious hypocrisy is satire.

You can learn more about satire at: brainly.com/question/29757822

#SPJ11

The F-Pattern is a layout strategy that is used to guide the reader's eye across the page in an F-shaped pattern.

The F-Pattern begins at the upper left, with the reader's eye being drawn down to the left side of the page, then across the page and down again to the lower right. This pattern is thought to be the most common and effective way to layout a document or webpage, as it allows for the most efficient use of space and the greatest amount of information to be absorbed in the shortest amount of time. Based on ingrained human habit, the F-Pattern is a straightforward structure created to direct a user's attention to content that you want them to view. The F-pattern in this instance has its roots in the left-to-right reading method. Website designers can put information in the direct line of sight by using the F-pattern, according to the theory behind it.

To know more about effective refer :

brainly.com/question/30288122

#SPJ4

The alkali metals are particularly reactive and burn very easily. Sodium and potassium are kept in kerosene oil so that they don't get oxidized by air. Also, alkaline earth metals like magnesium burn very effortlessly also.

Metals are malleable and ductile. . Non- metals are brittle (break easily). They are neither malleable nor ductile. Metals are properly conductors of warmth and electricity.

Diamond is no longer a metallic in anyway its simply an allotrope of carbon. It does now not exhibit any bodily houses or chemical homes of metals like electrical conductivity, malleability, ductility, reaction with acids or salts etc. Carbon is surely a nonmetal, if you can believe the periodic table.

Learn more about metals here;

https://brainly.com/question/4701542

#SPJ1

Paragraph #1:

A patriarchal society is one in which men hold more power and privilege than women. This type of society functions in a way that perpetuates the idea that men are superior to women and should be in positions of power. The nuclear family structure is often used as a way to support this idea. In a traditional nuclear family, the father is seen as the head of the household and holds the most power. The mother's role is often seen as supportive and subservient to the father. This reinforces the idea that men are in charge and women are meant to be subordinate. This type of societal structure can lead to gender inequality, sexism, and discrimination against women.

Paragraph #2:

There are striking similarities between a patriarchal society and a dystopian society. In both types of societies, a certain group of people benefit from the power structure while others suffer. In a patriarchal society, men benefit from their position of power while women suffer from gender inequality and discrimination. In a dystopian society, the ruling class benefits from their power while the common people suffer from oppression and lack of freedom. Both types of societies use fear and control to maintain their power structures, with patriarchal societies often relying on gender roles and societal norms to keep women in subservient positions. In a dystopian society, fear tactics such as surveillance and punishment are used to keep the population in line. Ultimately, both types of societies are harmful to the majority of people and perpetuate inequality and suffering.

The poem "Superman and Me" by Sherman Alexie and "Resident Unlawful" by José Olivarez both investigate the theme of imperceptibility and minimization in various settings.

Alexie's sonnet is about his experience as a Native American boy who figured out how to peruse and compose regardless of the low assumptions and generalizations that encompassed him. Olivarez's sonnet is about his way of life as a Mexican American who faces segregation and bias in the general public that marks him as unlawful or an outsider. The two sonnets show how the speakers overcome their intangibility and state their voices through language and schooling.

In "Superman and Me", Alexie utilizes the metaphor of Superman separating the way to depict how he separated the hindrances that kept him from getting to education and information. According to he, "I can't remember which specific Superman comic book I read, nor might I at any point remember which bad guy he battled in that issue. I can't remember the plot, nor how I acquired the comic book. What I can remember is this: I was 3 years of age, a Spokane Indian boy living with his family on the Spokane Indian Reservation in eastern Washington state. We were poor by most standards, yet one of my folks normally figured out how to secure some lowest pay permitted by law position or another, which made us working class by reservation standards. I had a sibling and three sisters. We lived on a mix of unpredictable checks, trust, dread, and government overflow food" (lines 1-9).

to know more about metaphors click here:

https://brainly.com/question/9418370

#SPJ1

By telling the story through the Duke's monologue, the reader is given a glimpse into the mind of a man who is controlling and possessive.

The Duke's description of his first wife is tainted by his jealousy and arrogance, leading the reader to question his reliability as a narrator. Additionally, the Duke's manner of discussing his deceased wife's likeness to other men's attentions instill a feeling of disgust in the reader, and their subsequent fate is left open to interpretation.

Overall, the effect of Browning's technique leaves the reader with a sense of unease and discomfort.

To know more about Browning

brainly.com/question/3939008

#SPJ4

A registered nurse is an undergraduate nursing graduate who now has passed an assessment and is licensed to practice nursing. They provide direct treatment and supervision for such patient's health.

Registered nurses frequently operate with airway suction machines, intravenous IV pressures infusers, cardboard splint, and comprehensive stabilization equipment.

What is the most prevalent work environment?

Registered nurses should be familiar with airway suction units since they are useful for patients who are having difficulty breathing and require the gadget as a synthetic breather.

Intravenous IV pressure infusers serve the purpose of offering additional pressure and to improve the rate of flow of intravenous fluids.

Full-spine immobilization implants are used to avoid additional harm to spinal cord injuries following an accident.

As a result, popular work settings for Nursing Practice include airway suction units, intravenous IV pressures infusers, cardboard splints, and comprehensive surface modification devices.

To know more about environment click here

brainly.com/question/30465308

#SPJ1

Answer: A, C, E, F

Explanation:

-importance of being exact or accurate

-contact with others

-telephone

-work with work group or team